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The synthesis and breakdown of muscle protein are principally responsible for the energy expenditure of resting muscle. Whereas the precise in vivo energetics of muscle protein turnover are uncertain, a conservative estimate can be made on the basis of muscle protein synthesis. The average 24-h (including response to meal feeding) fractional synthetic rate (FSR) of muscle protein is ≈0.075%/h (22). The absolute synthetic rate can be calculated as the product of the FSR and muscle mass. We have found the average muscle mass of young, healthy males to range from 35 to 50 kg (22). In contrast, an elderly woman may have ≤13 kg muscle. Thus, muscle protein synthesis ranges from ≈0.23 to 0.90 kg/d, depending on the amount of muscle mass. Because 4 mol ATP is utilized per mole of amino acids incorporated into protein (21), and because the hydrolysis of 1 mol ATP releases 20 kcal energy (23), the energy released per day as a result of muscle protein synthesis may range from ≈485 kcal/d in a well-muscled young man to ≈120 kcal/d in an active elderly woman.
https://ajcn.nutrition.org/article/S0002-9165(23)29045-0/full...