Dynavoice Magic F-5 EX v.3 & Sony STR-DH190 or bookshelf speakers with built in bluetooth/receiver for music & movies

The F-5s will give you a more full bodied sound but not nercessarily better in terms of resolutions and such. They are, though, from the same series, so they should sound similar, apart from the F-5s extending more in the bass.
I have an earlier version of the S-4s in the kitchen and I think they are really nice speakers if you have the right expectations.
They do have bass but if you play loud or have to fill a large room they will lack in the bass.

One advantage the S-4s have over the F-5s is that the the bass reflex port is facing the front of the speaker instead of the back, which makes it less sensitive to placement. So the S-4s is possible to put closer to a wall, for example, while the F-5s probably want at least 50cm free space from the wall.

From a sound perspective it boils down to what you want from the speaker. If you want to watch movies with lots of grunt in the bass the F-5s might be a better choice, but they don't go extremely low and still have a limited cone area so you might end up buying a sub woofer anyway, if that's the use you intend.
If you, as you put it, only want something that's better than the built in speakers you can buy pretty much anything. But I would opt for monitors/bookshelf speakers with the ports facing front.

Regarding receiver vs active speakers you will get a more flexible solution with a receiver that is easier to upgrade/extend in the future but active speakers might be an easier and neater solution. With something like the T14 that have sub out you can still get a sub woofer later on, if you wish.

I would take care, though, that it's possible to use either HDMI or optical out from the TV and not use the headphones output. The headphone output on many TV's are not all that good.
So speakers or a receiver with those inputs would be preferable, IMO. (Given your TV have those outputs, off course).